Impact forging



g- 22, 1939- A. H. OELK ERS 7 2,170,519

IMPACT FORGING Filed Aug. 7, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ey WM Aug. 22, 1939. A. H. OELKERS 2,170,519

IMPACT FOHGING Filed Aug. '7, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 IRF A. H. OELKERS IMPACT FOBGING Filed Aug. '7, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Aug. 22, 1939 UNITED. STATES PATENT orric INIPACT FORGING Alfred H. Oelkers, Chicago, Ill.

Application August 7,

This invention pertains to more particularly to means i 19 Claims.

impact forging, and or performing heavy duty impact forging, this application being a continuation-in-part of application Serial 542,222, filed June 5th, 1931, which resulted in Patent No. 2,014,206, issued An object of the invention device for impact forging.

September 10, 1935. is to provide a novel Another object of the invention is to provide a machine adapted to effect a forging operation by high speed impact obtaine d by colliding two masses or hammers when they are traveling in opposite directions at substantially the same speed.

A further object of device wherein the blank is the invention is to provide a in contact with the forming dies for only a very'short time.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a device for forming heavy or other articles quickly and adequately.

Another object within the purview of the present invention is to provide a novel impact forging device wherein the impact bers and the operating means therefor transmitting memare disconnected during the movement of these members toward one another to deliver a forging blow.

The present invention also comprehends the idea of providing a novel interlock between the operating means for the i members and the means for bers in a position to deliver a by the operating means for mpact transmitting holding such memforging blow wherethese members is rendered inoperative to move the same before the holding means may be manually manipulated to release their engagement bers.

Other objects, features, tages are comprehended later appear and as are i thereby.

Referring to the drawings with the impact memcapabilities and advanby the invention, as will nherently possessed Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a device embodying the invention, a portion of the springs being broken away at the right side of the figure to show the coupling mechanism;

Figure 2 is a view in side vice shown in Figure 1, with nism omitted;

Figure 3 is a top plan view in Figure 2;

Figure l is a transvers elevation of the dethe impelling mechaof the device shown e section elevation 1935, Serial No. 35,037

through the track of the device illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 inclusive, showing the hammer disposed at the left of said figures;

Figure 5 is a top plan view of another device made in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 6 is a view in side elevation of the device shown in Figure 5 of the drawings;

Figure 7 is a view in end elevation of the device shown in Figure 5 of the drawings; and I Figure 8 is a view in cross-section taken in the plane represented by line 8-8 of Figure 5 of the drawings.

Referring now more in detail to the drawings, a device made in accordance with the present invention is shown in Figures 1 to- 4 inclusive as including a track 2 which is mounted adjacent the pit 4, the track as shown being of deep channel construction and provided with inwardly extending track members 6 on which oppositely facing hammers 8 and II] are mounted, said hammers being provided with suitably disposed lugs I2 adapted to receive fastening means M for securing the dies [6 and I8 to the respective hammers. The hammers are provided with track engaging channel members which may take the form of underframes 2U embracing the track members 6 for guiding and supporting the hammers on said tracks and preventing dissociation of the hammers from the tracks. The hammers on each side thereof are provided with brackets or lugs 22 adapted to be engaged by impelling mechanism which, as shown, is in the form of a series of coil springs 24 carried by the brackets 26 disposed at each end of the track 2.

The outer end of each hammer is provided with a standard 28 to which a coupler latch 30 is secured, the coupler latch being held in proper position by means of the spring members 32 engaged between lugs 34 and 36 provided on the coupler 30 and the hammer. The coupler 30 is adapted to be engaged by a latch member 38 carried by a support 40, the support being guided by the guide member 42 cooperating with the bracket 26, a resilient member 44 being provided with the member 40 and the bracket for cushioning the latch. The support 40 is provided with an electro-magnet 46 controlled by the switch 48, the electro-magnet upon operation of the switch op erating the toggle 55 whereby operation of the electro-magnet causes the toggle to lock the latch 38 to the coupler 30, and a release of the electromagnet operates to break the toggle to permit release of the latch from the coupler.

The hammer I0 is adapted to be operated by the flexible cable 52 guided on the quadrants 54 pivoted at 55 to the standard 58 disposed below the track 2, the cable 52 extending to and being secured to the quadrant 60 pivoted as at 62 to the standard 64 also secured below the track and substantially at the center point thereof. A similar cable 56 is secured to and passes over the quadrant 68 and to the other latch device for the hammer 8 passing over quadrants 10 similar to the above named quadrants 54. The quadrants 69 and 63 are operated through the gear segment l2 rigidly secured to the pivot at 62 and operated through the pinion 'Idfrom a suitable power plant. The downward movement of the quadrant i2 is limited by the shock absorbing device I6.

The hammers as shown are provided with dies I6 and I8 for a center plate which is used by Way of example. The hammer 8 is channeled at 18 to receive the piston rod extending through the hammer and through an unimportant or inoperative portion of the die I6. The piston rod 80 cooperates with a blank carrier 85. The piston rod extends through the hammer 8 and is secured to the piston 8| provided in the blank carrier cylinder 82, the piston in said cylinder being controlled by compressed air or other fluid from the line 8 3. The blank holder member is pivoted between the hammers for receiving the blank 88 and mounted in position to be contacted by the hammer I6, the holder being pivoted as at S ll.

In operation, the piston rod 39 is extended whereby the blank carrier 39' engages the blank 88 held between the hammers on the blank holder 86. The hammers are disposed at the end of their stroke by operation of the pinion I l through the power plant to operate the quadrant 72 which draws the hammers. II) and 8, through cable 52 and the quadrants to the end of their stroke, compressing the springs 24. Release of the electro-magnet to break the toggle 48 causes release of the coupler 3! from the latch device 38, permitting the springs to propel the hammers 8 and IS toward each other. The hammer It! will engage the blank, and continued movement will cause the blank holder 86 to rotate out of the path of the hammers. The blank will not fall due to engagement of the blank by the hammer It and the blank carrier 80. Contact between the dies I8 and I6 will fashion the blank to its proper configuration, when the rebound of the hammers will permit the dies to disengage the formed blank. The blank, of course, will have a tendency to follow the die having the largest surface, which is the die I6, but the blank will be disengaged from. this die by means of the blank carrier 80 aided by the recoil of the hammer 8.

The device disclosed in Figures 5-to 8 inclusive comprises a frame 92 adapted to support spaced channel-shaped tracks and 96 upon which are mounted impact transmitting members 98 and It. These members are supported upon the tracks 95 and 96 and are guided by the spaced rods I I12 and IM and have laterally extending wing portions I66 and H18 which embrace these rods I62 and I04, respectively. The ends of the rods I 02 are connected to brackets II 0 and I I2 mounted upon and secured to the tracks 94 and 9c. The impact transmitting members are moved toward one another to deliver a forging blow by means of the coil springs IM and 'I I6 mounted upon the rods I92 and Hi l, respectively, and disposed between the brackets and the laterally extending Wing portions I06 and I III! of the impact members.

The impact members 98 and I00 are moved to compress the coil springs H4 and I I6 by means of a sliding bar H8 mounted in a suitable slot of a block secured to the inner face of the track members 94 and 95, this block providing the guide lugs I20 and I22.

One end of the sliding bar H8 is pivotally connected as at I24 to the end of the link I25 which has its other end pivotally connected as at I28 to a crank I3, this crank I39 being driven by a motor I22 through a gear box I34, both of which are mounted upon the frame I35 extending laterally of the frame 92 at one end thereof. Pivotally connected to the sliding bar II8 are lugs I38 and I45 adapted to engage lugs I42 and M4 disposed on the underside of the impact members Q8 and II], respectively, to move the same to compress springs I I4 and I I6 upon reciprocating movement of the sliding bar.

The impact members 98 and III!) are locked in their cocked position, after the springs II 4 and H6 have been compressed by the sliding bar I I8, by means of the cam members I46 and I43 pivotally mounted upon shafts I5 and I 52 which are provided with the notches I54 engageable with lugs I56 and I58, disposed on the underside of the impact members 98 and IUD. Also mounted upon the shafts I59 and I52, but rigid in respect to the cam members I46 and I48 are levers I64) and I62 which depend therefrom and are pivotally connected to the levers I 64 and I 66, respectively. These levers I64 and I55 are formed with hooked ends I63 and I'll] adapted to be engaged by the oppositely disposed teeth I12 and E14 of the cam member I16 which is mounted for rotation upon the shaft I18. Mounted upon the shaft I'I8, but fixed in relation to cam member H6 is a lever I8!) adapted to engage the upper edge of an operating handle I82 which is pivoted for horizontal movement at I84. Operating handle I82 is. normally held against movement about its pivot point I84 by means of the latch I85 which is rotatably mounted upon shaft I18.

It will be clearly apparent that inasmuch as the impact members 98 and I55, when held in position as shown in Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings wherein the coil springs have been compressed, tend to exert a pressure on the cam members I45 and M8 tending to move levers I64 and IE6 outwardly to cause the cam member I76 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Inasmuch as lever I80 is fixed in relation to cam member I16 and is normally in engagement with the upper edge of the operating handle I82, these impact members are held in their cocked position until operating handle I82 is moved in a clockwise direction about its pivot point I86, as

isclosed in Figure 5 of the drawings. Operating handle I82 may be moved in this clockwise direction upon release of the latch I86;

Inasmuch as the present invention comprehends the idea of entirely disconnecting the operating means for the impact members 93 and IDIJ therefrom after the same have been released from their cocked position, the lugs I38 and I46 have been pivotally mounted upon the sliding bar H8 and when it is desired to effect this disconnection between the lugs I33 and I40 and the impact members 98 and H13, the lugs are moved about their pivot point by means of a bar I88 which, as shown in Figure 5 of the drawings, is substantially U-shaped and has its ends pivotally mounted as at I93 and I92 upon the rod I94 which is journaled in the brackets I96 and I98 75 extending inwardly from the track 94. The bar I88 has an operating handle 288 connected thereto intermediate its ends, which handle is pivoted as at 202 on the rod I84 whereby this bar I88 may be moved into engagement with the lower ends of lugs I38 and I48 to lower the same out of the path of movement of lugs I42 and I44 of the impact members 88 and I08.

The-operating handle 208 is interconnected by the rod 284 with the latch member I88 to provide an interlock between the operating means for the impact members and the latch means for releasing these impact members from their cocked position to permit the same to travel toward one another to deliver a forging blow. This interlock is provided as a precaution to prevent any engagement between the operating means and the impact members during their travel toward one another.

vIt will be clearly apparent that inasmuch as rod 284 interconnects with the latch I86 and the operating handle 288, that in order to manually operate the handle I82 to effect a release of the impact members, it is necessary to move the operating handle 288 downwardly, which effects upward movement of the bar I88 into engagement with the lugs I38 and I48 to move the same out of the path of travel of lugs I42 and I44. After latch I86 has been moved to disengage operating handle I82 and the lugs I38 and I48 have been moved by the bar I88, operating handle I82 may be-moved in a counter-clockwise direction about its pivot point I84, as shown in Figure 5, which movement releases lever I88 and permits counterclockwise rotation of cam member I16. Rotation of cam member I16 permits'outward movement of levers I86 and I88 which movement is transmitted through levers I60 and I62, respectively, to rotate cam members I46 and I48 whereby the lugs I58 and I58 are released from engagement With the impact members whereby the same, under the impulse of the coil springs H4 and H6, are moved to deliver a forging blow. Springs I8I and I 83 interconnecting levers I60, I 64 and levers I62, I88, respectively, as well as springs I85 which have one end connected to track 84 and" the other end connected to levers I and IE2,- may be provided to tension these members and to assist in their return to operative position after the impact members have been released.

As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 8, each of the impact members 88 and I88 may be provided with diemembers 286 adjustably secured to the face thereof by means of the bolt 288, which die members, upon engagement with a metal blank and under the impulse of the coil springs, are adapted to form from this metal blank the particular forged article desired. This metal blank may be held in position between the impact members 98 and I08, as disclosed in Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, or as disclosed in application Serial No. 542,222, of which this is a continuation-in-part, and if desired the die members may be independent of the impact members and mounted upon the tracks 94 and 96, as disclosed in said application.

After the impact members have been released and the forging operation has taken place, operating handle 288 may be raised to lower the bar I88 whereby lugs I38 and I4!) are rotated under the action of coil springs 2H) and 2 I 2 whereby the lugs are disposed in the path of lugs I42 and I44. Upon reciprocation of sliding bar I I8, the impact members are moved outwardly away from one another and the lugs I56 and I58 thereof are engaged by cam members I46 and I48, respectively, which members have been previously moved into locking position by means of the cam member I'I6, lever I80 and operating handle I82. After the impact members have been moved into and locked in their cocked position, another metal blank may be disposed between the same for a forging operation, and upon release of the same as set forth above, are again moved to form the desired forged article.

While I have herein described and upon the drawings shown illustrative embodiments of the device, it'is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto but may comprehend other constructions, arrangements of parts, details and features without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a forging device, the combination of dies, a horizontally movable blank holding means for holding said blank between said dies, and means for moving said dies toward each other, one of said dies being adapted to move said first named means horizontally out of the path of movement of said die to render said means inoperative substantially at the moment of contact of one of said dies and said blank.

2. In a forging device, the combination of a track, a pair of hammers slidably mounted on said track, dies facing each other secured to said hammers, resilient members mounted adjacent said track and adapted to be engaged by said hammers, operating means, a coupler between said operating means and each of said hammers, a member pivoted out of the path of said haminers for holding a blank, holding means engaging said blank, said operating means being adapted to move said hammers to compress said coil springs, whereupon release of said couplers causes said hammers to slide toward each other and form said blank between said dies,

3. In a forging device, the combination of a track, a pair of hammers slidably mounted on said track, dies facing each other secured to said hammers, resilient members mounted adjacent said track and adapted to be engaged by said hammers, operating means, a coupler between said operating means and each of said hammers, a member pivoted out of the path of said hammers for holding a blank, holding means, said means including a cylinder, a piston mounted.

in said cylinder, and a piston rod engaging said blank, said operating means being adapted to move said hammers to compress said coil springs, whereupon release of said couplers causes said hammers to slide toward each other and form said blank between said dies.

4. In a forging device, the combination of a track, a pair of hammers slidably mounted on said track, dies facing each other secured to said hammers, resilient members mounted adjacent said track and adapted to be engaged by said hammers, operating means, a coupler between said operating means and each of said hammers, a member pivoted out of the path of said hammers for holding a blank, holding means, said means including a member urged toward one of said dies and engaging said blank, said operating means being adapted to move said hammers to compress said coil springs, whereupon release of said couplers causes said hammers to s ide toward each other and form said blank between said dies,

5. In a forging device, the combination of a track, a pair of hammers slidably mounted on said track, dies facing each other secured to said hammers, resilient members mounted adjacent track and adapted to be engaged by said hammers, operating means, a coupler been said operating means and each of said liners, a member pivoted out of the path of hammers for holding a blank, holding means, said means including a member urged toward one of said dies and engaging said blank whereof said hammers engages said blank and it from said first named member to said die, said operating means being adapted to l ove said hammers to compress said coil springs, whereupon release of said couplers causes said hammers to slide toward each other and form said blank between said dies.

6. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, and operating means for said impact members, said means including resilient compressible by said operating means for moving said impact members upon release, said means further including means for moving said members to compress said resilient means and for holding and releasing the same, said impact members being disconnected from said last-named means during their movement to produce a forging blow.

7. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, means for holding said impact members in said position, and an interlock between said operating means and said last named means to prevent release of said impact members until after said operating means is rendered inoperative to move said impact members.

In a forging device, the'combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact recieved from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank csed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, reciprocatin means for moving said impact members 0 compress said resilient means, means for holding said impact members in said position, and an interlock between said reciprocating n ans and said last named means to prevent release of said impact members until after said reciprocating means is rendered inoperative to move said impact members.

9. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, latch means for hclding said impact members in said position, said latch means including interconnected levers, and manually operated cam means engageable with said levers and movable to release said latch to permit movement of said impact members.

10. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means'for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, means for rendering said operative means inoperative to move said impact members, latch means for holding said impact members in said position, said latch means including interconnected levers, manually operated cam means engageable with said levers and movable to release said latch to permit movement of said impact members, and an interlock between said means for rendering said operative means inoperative and said cam means whereby said cam means can. be operated only upon rendering said operative means inoperative to move said impact members.

11. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, reciprocating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means,latch means for holding said impact members in said position, said latch including interconnected levers, and manually operated cam means engageable with said levers and movable to release said latch to permit movement of said impact members,

1.2. In a forging, device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, reciprocating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, means for rendering said operative means inoperative to move said impact members, latch means for holding said impact members in said position, said latch means including interconnected levers, manually operated cam means engageable with said levers and movable to release said latch to permit movement of said impact members, and an interlock between said means for rendering said operative means inoperative and said cam means whereby said cam means can be operated only upon rendering said operative means inoperative to move said impact members.

13. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, said means comprising a power operated crank disposed outwardly of said impact members, and an operating bar reciprocated by said crank, said bar having means engaging said impact members for moving the same.

14. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, said means comprising a power operated crank disposed outwardly of said impact members, and an operating bar reciprocated by said crank, said bar having pivotal lugs engaging said impact members for moving the same.

15. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, said means comprising a power operated crank disposed outwardly of said impact members, an operating bar reciprocated by said crank, said bar having means engaging said impact members for moving the same, said bar having pivotal lugs engaging said impact members for moving the same, and means engageable with said lugs for moving said lugs out of the path of movement of said impact members.

16. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, said means comprising a power operated crank disposed outwardly of said impact members, an operating bar reciprocated by said crank, said bar having means engaging said impact members for moving the same, said bar having pivotal lugs engaging said impact members for moving the same, means engageable with said lugs for moving said lugs out of the path of movement of said impact members, and latch means for holding said impact members whereby said resilient means is compressed, said latch means including interconnected levers, and manually operated cam means engageable with said levers and movable to release said latch to permit movement of said impact members.

17. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, said means comprising a power operated crank disposed outwardly of said impact members, an operating bar reciprocated by said crank, said bar having means engaging said impact members for moving the same, said bar having pivotal lugs engaging said impact members for moving the same, means engageable with said lugs for moving said lugs of the path of movement of said impact members.

18. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means. for moving said impact members. upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, said means comprising a power operated crank disposed outwardly of said impact members, an operating bar reciprocated by said crank, said bar having means engaging said impact members for moving the same, said bar having pivotal lugs engaging said impact members for moving the same, means. engageable with said lugs for moving said lugs out of the path of movement of said impact members, latch mechanism for holding said impact member whereby said resilient means is compressed, said latch mechanism including interconnected levers, a cam engageable with said levers and movable to release said levers to permit movement of said impact members, a lever connected to said cam, a lever providing a seat for said cam lever to hold said cam against movement, a latch member engageable with said last-named lever, and means between said last-named means and said latch member whereby said last-named lever is released by said latch member only after said last-named means is operated to move said lugs out of the path of movement of said impact members.

19. In a forging device, the combination of a track, oppositely disposed impact transmitting members mounted on said track, die members operable under the impact received from said impact members to form to shape a metal blank disposed therebetween, resilient means for moving said impact members upon release, operating means for moving said impact members to compress said resilient means, latch mechanism for holding said impact member whereby said resilient means is compressed, said latch mechanism including interconnected levers, a cam engageable with said levers and movable to release said levers to permit movement of said impact members, a lever connected to said cam, a lever providing a seat for said cam lever to hold said cam against movement, a latch member engageable with said last-named lever, and means between said last-named means and said latch member whereby said last-named lever is released by said latch member only after said last-named means is operated to render said operating means inoperative to move said impact members.

' ALFRED I-I. OELKERS. 

